Finite element model updating on small-scale bridge model using the hybrid genetic algorithm

Finite element (FE) model-based dynamic analysis has been widely used to predict the dynamic characteristics of civil structures. FE model updating method based on the hybrid genetic algorithm, by combining genetic algorithm and the modified NelderMead's simplex method, is presented to improve bridge structures' FE model. An objective function is formulated as a linear combination of fitness functions on natural frequencies, mode shapes and static deflections using measurements and analytical results to update both stiffness and mass simultaneously. A commercial FE analysis tool, which can utilise previously developed element library and solution algorithms, is adopted for applications on diversified and complex structures. The validity of the proposed method is verified by using a simply supported bridge model with three I-shaped girders. FE models such as grid, beam-shell and shell model are considered to modify initial FE models on the experimental structure. Experimental results suggest that the proposed method can be applied efficiently to various FE models and is feasible and effective when this method is applied to identify FE modelling errors.