期刊
STEROIDS
卷 74, 期 3, 页码 379-392出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2008.11.004
关键词
Endogenous steroids; Testosterone; Doping control; Carbon isotope ratio (delta C-13); Gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS)
资金
- Australian Government
The detection of steroids originating from synthetic precursors in relation to their chemically identical natural analogues has proven to be a significant challenge for doping control laboratories accredited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Endogenous steroid abuse may be confirmed by utilising the atomic specificity of gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS) that enables the precise measurement of differences in stable isotope ratios that arise as a result of fractionation patterns inherent in the source of steroids. A comprehensive carbon isotope ratio (delta C-13) profiling study (n = 1262) of urinary ketosteroids is reported that demonstrates the inter-individual variation that can be expected from factors such as diet, ethnicity, gender and age within and between different populations (13 countries). This delta C-13 distribution is shown by principal component analysis (PCA) to provide a statistical comparison to delta C-13 values observed following administration of testosterone enanthate. A limited collection of steroid diol data (n = 100; consisting of three countries) is also presented with comparison to delta C-13 values of excreted testosterone to validate criteria for WADA accredited laboratories to prove doping offences. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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