Simultaneous Use of Functional Tractography, Neuronavigation-Integrated Subcortical White Matter Stimulation and Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Glioma Surgery: Technical Note

The importance of preserving function during glioma surgery cannot be overemphasized. There are a number of techniques utilized including functional MRI, direct electro-physiological monitoring and functional neuronavigation to maximize and safely resect gliomas. The intraoperative MRI is an extremely valuable tool and adds to the neurosurgeon's armamentarium. Combining these technologies will enhance the safety and efficacy of glioma surgery. This is the first report in the literature where we successfully combine both functional neuronavigation and subcortical stimulation, using a single probe to safely resect a recurrent glioblastoma. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel