期刊
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
卷 31, 期 10, 页码 915-930出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/sim.4471
关键词
cluster randomized trials; covariate adjustment; double robustness; generalized estimating equations; HIV intervention; longitudinal data
类别
资金
- National Institutes of Health [AIR0151164, T32AI007358]
Recent methodological advances in covariate adjustment in randomized clinical trials have used semiparametric theory to improve efficiency of inferences by incorporating baseline covariates; these methods have focused on independent outcomes. We modify one of these approaches, augmentation of standard estimators, for use within cluster randomized trials in which treatments are assigned to groups of individuals, thereby inducing correlation. We demonstrate the potential for imbalance correction and efficiency improvement through consideration of both cluster-level covariates and individual-level covariates. To improve small-sample estimation, we consider several variance adjustments. We evaluate this approach for continuous and binary outcomes through simulation and apply it to data from a cluster randomized trial of a community behavioral intervention related to HIV prevention in Tanzania. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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