Analysis of aluminum alloys by resonance-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: How the beam profile of the ablation laser and the energy of the dye laser affect analytical performance

In resonance enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, the sample was ablated by a laser pulse and the expanding plume was photoresonantly rekindled by a dye laser pulse. By sampling aluminum alloys for Mg, Pb, Si, and Cu, we showed that for the ablation step, Gaussian beams gave 2 to 3x better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than non-uniform beams. For the rekindling step, if no further sample destruction was allowed, dye laser pulses that intercepted the Plume transversely gave 6 to 12x higher SNR than the longitudinal case. By combining Gaussian beams and transverse rekindling, the mass limit-of-detection for Mg was about 100 amol while non-resonant analysis was 10x more destructive. Sub-monolayer of oxides grown on laser-cleaned aluminum surfaces was detected by monitoring the AIO emissions of rekindled plumes; without resonant enhancements, they were not detectable no matter how destructive was the analysis. Time resolved studies showed that the Gaussian beam produced less dispersed plumes and that a stronger dye laser beam directed transversely heated up a bigger plume mass without over-heating the plume core. The analyte emissions were sustained while the continuum background remained low. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.