期刊
UTILITIES POLICY
卷 35, 期 -, 页码 50-66出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2015.07.003
关键词
Transportation intensity; Urbanization; CO2 emissions; Economic growth; Granger causality; G-20 countries
This paper examines linkages among transportation intensity, the extent of urbanization, CO2 emissions, and economic growth. We use two measures of transportation intensity: (i) per-capita rates of utilization of air-passenger transport facilities and (ii) per-capita rates of utilization of air-freight transport facilities. By studying the G-20 countries over the period 1961-2012 and employing a panel vector auto-regressive model for detecting Granger causality, we find a network of causal connections among these four variables in the short run. We also find that economic growth tends to converge to its long-run equilibrium path in response to changes in the other variables. Our fundamental conclusion is that passenger carriage intensity should be improved in the developing countries within the G-20 for the purpose of propelling economic growth. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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