The non-enzymatic determination of glucose using an electrolytically fabricated nickel microparticle modified boron-doped diamond electrode or nickel foil electrode

A nickel modified boron-doped diamond (Ni-BDD) electrode or nickel foil electrode were used in the nonenzymatic determination of glucose in alkaline solutions. The Ni-BDD electrode was electrodeposited from a 1 mM Ni(NO3)(2) solution (pH 5), followed by repeat cycling in KOH. Subsequent analysis utilised the Ni(OH)(2)/NiOOH redox couple to electrocatalyse the oxidation of glucose. Glucose was determined to limits of 2.7 mu M with a sensitivity of 1.04 mu A mu M-1 cm(-2) at the Ni-BDD electrode. The foil electrode was comparably sensitive achieving a limit of 1.8 mu M but a relatively lower sensitivity of 0.67 mu A mu M-1 cm(-2). SEM analysis of the electrodes found the Ni-BDD to be modified by a quasi-random microparticle assembly, with approximately 7.6 mu g cm(-2) of nickel present on the surface. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.