期刊
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
卷 145, 期 2, 页码 734-742出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2010.01.025
关键词
Biofilm; Chloramination; Distribution system; Microelectrode; Monochloramine; Penetration
资金
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [EP-C-05-056/WA, 2-47]
Chlorine microelectrodes with tip sizes of 5-15 mu m were fabricated, fully characterized and evaluated under various environmental conditions, and used to measure high spatial resolution monochloramine profiles in biofilm. The chlorine microelectrode showed response to total chlorine, including free chlorine, monochloramine, and dichloramine under various conditions. Where monochloramine dominates the system at pH 8.0 and 4:1 Cl-2:N, the chlorine microelectrode had sensitivity toward monochloramine concentrations (0.1-30.0 mg Cl-2/L) at an applied potential of +550 mV (Ag/AgCl reference electrode) and 23 degrees C, and it was independent of pH ranges typical of drinking water (pH 6-9). Even though the electrode response shifted with DO changes, a linear relationship existed with monochloramine concentration for a given DO concentration. As a result, a 3D (response vs. DO vs. monochloramine concentration) calibration curve was required with DO present. Ultimately, this research will lead to the in situ application of chlorine microelectrodes for measurement of monochloramine within chloraminated drinking water system biofilm and, along with other microelectrodes (e.g. ammonia, pH, DO), will aid in elucidating nitrification phenomena occurring in the biofilm. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据