Neurobiology of cancer: Interactions between nervous, endocrine and immune systems as a base for monitoring and modulating the tumorigenesis by the brain

The interactions between the nervous, endocrine and immune systems are studied intensively. The communication between immune and cancer cells, and multilevel and bi-directional interactions between the nervous and immune systems constitute the basis for a hypothesis assuming that the brain might monitor and modulate the processes associated with the genesis and progression of cancer. The aim of this article is to describe the data supporting this hypothesis. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.