期刊
SEDIMENTOLOGY
卷 55, 期 3, 页码 617-634出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3091.2007.00914.x
关键词
Granular flow; Montserrat; Soufriere Hills volcano; submarine pyroclastic flow; turbidity current
类别
资金
- NERC [soc010009] Funding Source: UKRI
- Natural Environment Research Council [NER/A/S/2002/00963, soc010009] Funding Source: researchfish
The 12 to 13 July 2003 andesite lava dome collapse at the Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat, provides the first opportunity to document comprehensively both the sub-aerial and submarine sequence of events for an eruption. Numerous pyroclastic flows entered the ocean during the collapse, depositing approximately 90% of the total material into the submarine environment. During peak collapse conditions, as the main flow penetrated the air-ocean interface, phreatic explosions were observed and a surge cloud decoupled from the main flow body to travel 2 to 3 km over the ocean surface before settling. The bulk of the flow was submerged and rapidly mixed with sea water forming a water-saturated mass flow. Efficient sorting and physical differentiation occurred within the flow before initial deposition at 500 m water depth. The coarsest components (similar to 60% of the total volume) were deposited proximally from a dense granular flow, while the finer components (similar to 40%) were efficiently elutriated into the overlying part of the flow, which evolved into a far-reaching turbidity current.
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