期刊
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
卷 64, 期 -, 页码 49-62出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.11.004
关键词
Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays; Cosmic ray composition; Atmospheric fluorescence; Extensive air shower array; Hybrid; Telescope Array
资金
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [21000002, 19104006]
- Inter-University Research Program of the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research
- U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY-0307098, PHY-0601915, PHY-0649681, PHY-0703893, PHY-0758342, PHY-0848320, PHY-1069280, PHY-1069286]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2007-0093860, R32-10130, 2012R1A1A2008381, 2013004883]
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- RFBR [11-02-01528a, 13-02-01311a]
- IISN project [4.4509.10]
- Belgian Science Policy under IUAP VII/37 (ULB)
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan
- Economic Development Board
- Millard County, Utah
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Physics [1404495] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Physics
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1404502] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21000002, 25610051, 14J01385] Funding Source: KAKEN
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2012R1A1A2008381] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
Previous measurements of the composition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) made by the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) and Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO) are seemingly contradictory, but utilize different detection methods, as HiRes was a stereo detector and PAO is a hybrid detector. The five year Telescope Array (TA) Middle Drum hybrid composition measurement is similar in some, but not all, respects in methodology to PAO, and good agreement is evident between data and a light, largely protonic, composition when comparing the measurements to predictions obtained with the QGSJetII-03 and QGSJet-01 c models. These models are also in agreement with previous HiRes stereo measurements, confirming the equivalence of the stereo and hybrid methods. The data is incompatible with a pure iron composition, for all models examined, over the available range of energies. The elongation rate and mean values of X-max are in good agreement with Pierre Auger Observatory data. This analysis is presented using two methods: data cuts using simple geometrical variables and a new pattern recognition technique. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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