期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 429, 期 -, 页码 300-308出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.051
关键词
Bimetallic iron-silver; PBDEs; Debromination; Nano technologies; Zero valent iron; Microwave energy
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [50938004]
- National Major Project of Science & Technology Ministry of China [2009CB421604, 2012ZX07529-003]
- Foundation of Furong Scholar project of Hunan Province
This study focused on the enhanced debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and 2,2,4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) by Fe-Ag nano-particles under microwave radiation (Fe-Ag/MW). Fe-Ag bimetallic nano-particles were synthesized by reductive deposition of Ag on nano-iron and characterized with a number of techniques, including BET, XRD, TEM and XPS. Approximately 97% of BDE-209 or 78% of BDE-47 were rapidly transformed to its degradation products within 8 min in the Fe-Ag/MW system. The dehalogenation efficiency of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) was enhanced apparently by microwave radiation. Moreover, the microwave thermal energy played a significant role in accelerating the degradation reactions. Compared with nano-iron alone, the deposition of Ag also increased the rates of degradation. GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analyses of PBDEs' degradation products reveals that the possible degradation pathway proceeds through stepwise debromination from [n]-bromo- to [n-1]-bromo-DE, with bromine being substituted by hydrogen sequentially. Di- to nona-brominated congeners were formed during BDE-209 reduction, while diphenyl ether to tri-BDEs were observed during BDE-47 degradation. These results suggest that PBDEs can be debrominated rapidly by the innovative processes that may be environmentally friendly in applications. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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