期刊
SCIENCE
卷 344, 期 6191, 页码 1486-1489出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1249850
关键词
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资金
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- NSF
- U.S. Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship program
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Physics [1105559] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle sets a lower bound on the noise in a force measurement based on continuously detecting a mechanical oscillator's position. This bound, the standard quantum limit, can be reached when the oscillator subjected to the force is unperturbed by its environment and when measurement imprecision from photon shot noise is balanced against disturbance from measurement back-action. We applied an external force to the center-of-mass motion of an ultracold atom cloud in a high-finesse optical cavity and measured the resulting motion optically. When the driving force is resonant with the cloud's oscillation frequency, we achieve a sensitivity that is a factor of 4 above the standard quantum limit and consistent with theoretical predictions given the atoms' residual thermal disturbance and the photodetection quantum efficiency.
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