4.8 Article

Cation Intercalation and High Volumetric Capacitance of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide

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SCIENCE
卷 341, 期 6153, 页码 1502-1505

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AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1241488

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资金

  1. U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program [DE-AC02-05CH11231, 6951370]
  2. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Storage Systems Research Program, through Sandia National Laboratory
  3. European Research Council [ERC-2011-AdG, 291543-IONACES]
  4. Chair of Excellence Embedded multi-functional nanomaterials from the EADS Foundation
  5. Partner University Fund of the Embassy of France

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The intercalation of ions into layered compounds has long been exploited in energy storage devices such as batteries and electrochemical capacitors. However, few host materials are known for ions much larger than lithium. We demonstrate the spontaneous intercalation of cations from aqueous salt solutions between two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2 MXene layers. MXenes combine 2D conductive carbide layers with a hydrophilic, primarily hydroxyl-terminated surface. A variety of cations, including Na+, K+, NH4+, Mg2+, and Al3+, can also be intercalated electrochemically, offering capacitance in excess of 300 farads per cubic centimeter (much higher than that of porous carbons). This study provides a basis for exploring a large family of 2D carbides and carbonitrides in electrochemical energy storage applications using single- and multivalent ions.

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