期刊
SCIENCE
卷 332, 期 6028, 页码 443-447出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1200832
关键词
-
资金
- Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
- Los Alamos National Laboratory
- DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences
The prohibitive cost of platinum for catalyzing the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has hampered the widespread use of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. We describe a family of non-precious metal catalysts that approach the performance of platinum-based systems at a cost sustainable for high-power fuel cell applications, possibly including automotive power. The approach uses polyaniline as a precursor to a carbon-nitrogen template for high-temperature synthesis of catalysts incorporating iron and cobalt. The most active materials in the group catalyze the ORR at potentials within similar to 60 millivolts of that delivered by state-of-the-art carbon-supported platinum, combining their high activity with remarkable performance stability for non-precious metal catalysts (700 hours at a fuel cell voltage of 0.4 volts) as well as excellent four-electron selectivity (hydrogen peroxide yield <1.0%).
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