期刊
SCIENCE
卷 324, 期 5926, 页码 522-528出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1169588
关键词
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资金
- National Human Genome Research Institute [U54 HG003273]
- U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service [59-0790-3-196]
- Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service National Research Initiative [2004-35216-14163]
- the state of Texas
- Genome British Columbia
- Alberta Science and Research Authority
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization of Australia (CSIRO)
- Agritech Investments Ltd
- Dairy Insight, Inc
- AgResearch Ltd.
- Research Council of Norway
- Kleberg Foundation
- National, Texas, and South Dakota Beef Check-off Funds
- BBSRC [BB/D524040/2] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/B/13446, BB/D524040/2, BBS/B/13438] Funding Source: researchfish
- ICREA Funding Source: Custom
To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.
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