Lipids of the meristems of the main coniferous edificators from central siberia under low-temperature adaptation: 2. Features of the fatty acid metabolism of phospholipids from winter meristems of Larix sibirica Ledeb., Picea obovata L., and Pinus sylvestris L.

Trienoic fatty acids (FAs) have been found to be the dominant group of unsaturated fatty acids in the composition of phospholipids (PLs) from Larix sibirica Ledeb., whereas dienoic FAs have been established to prevail in PLs from Picea obovata L. and Pinus sylvestris L. Bud swelling in spring is accompanied by a decrease in the content of unsaturated FAs by approximately 30%. The analysis of the change in the content of individual C(18) FAs in the PL structure upon the transition of the tree from winter dormancy to vegetation has revealed the important functional role of acyl-lipid omega(6) desaturase, which is responsible for the synthesis of linoleic acid (C(18: 2)), in the formation of the cryoprotected state of meristem cell membranes of Larix sibirica Ledeb., Picea obovata L., and Pinus sylvestris L. In addition, the particular significance of acyl-lipid omega(3) desaturase for the cryoadaptation of meristem cells in Larix sibirica Ledeb., as it catalyzes the transformation of linoleic acid (C(18: 2)) to linolenic acid (C(18: 3)) in PLs of larch 1.5-3 times more intensively than in the case of spruce and pine, is shown.