期刊
RNA
卷 21, 期 1, 页码 1-13出版社
COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
DOI: 10.1261/rna.048371.114
关键词
RNA; tautomerism; ribozymes; riboswitches
资金
- National Institutes of Health [P01 CA26731, R37 CA080024, P30 ES002109]
- NIH Training Grant [T32 ES007020]
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R37CA080024, P01CA026731, R01CA080024] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [T32ES007020, P30ES002109] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Heterocyclic nucleic acid bases and their analogs can adopt multiple tautomeric forms due to the presence of multiple solvent-exchangeable protons. In DNA, spontaneous formation of minor tautomers has been speculated to contribute to mutagenic mispairings during DNA replication, whereas in RNA, minor tautomeric forms have been proposed to enhance the structural and functional diversity of RNA enzymes and aptamers. This review summarizes the role of tautomerism in RNA biochemistry, specifically focusing on the role of tautomerism in catalysis of small self-cleaving ribozymes and recognition of ligand analogs by riboswitches. Considering that the presence of multiple tautomers of nucleic acid bases is a rare occurrence, and that tautomers typically interconvert on a fast time scale, methods for studying rapid tautomerism in the context of nucleic acids under biologically relevant aqueous conditions are also discussed.
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