期刊
REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
卷 86, 期 1, 页码 153-185出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.86.153
关键词
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资金
- ARO
- RIKEN iTHES Project
- MURI Center for Dynamic Magneto-Optics
- JSPS-RFBR [12-02-92100]
- MEXT Kakenhi on Quantum Cybernetics
- JSPS via its FIRST program
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [22224007, 21102002] Funding Source: KAKEN
Simulating quantum mechanics is known to be a difficult computational problem, especially when dealing with large systems. However, this difficulty may be overcome by using some controllable quantum system to study another less controllable or accessible quantum system, i.e., quantum simulation. Quantum simulation promises to have applications in the study of many problems in, e.g., condensed-matter physics, high-energy physics, atomic physics, quantum chemistry, and cosmology. Quantum simulation could be implemented using quantum computers, but also with simpler, analog devices that would require less control, and therefore, would be easier to construct. A number of quantum systems such as neutral atoms, ions, polar molecules, electrons in semiconductors, superconducting circuits, nuclear spins, and photons have been proposed as quantum simulators. This review outlines the main theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum simulation and emphasizes some of the challenges and promises of this fast-growing field.
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