Advances and new technologies applied in controlled drug delivery system

A drug delivery system is defined as a formulation or a device that enables the introduction of a therapeutic substance into the body and improves its efficacy and safety by controlling the rate, time, and place of release of drugs in the body. This process includes the administration of the therapeutic product, the release of the active ingredients by the product, and the subsequent transport of the active ingredients across the biological membranes to the site of action. Drug delivery systems aim to improve patient compliance and convenience, such as, for example, fast-dissolving tablets. One of the most important goals of pharmaceutical science is localizing the pharmacological activity of the drug at the site of action. Drug delivery systems are molecular tools which, without undesired interactions at other sites, target a specific drug receptor. Keeping in view the advantages of the delivery system, rapidly disintegrating dosage forms have been successfully commercialized, and, because of increased patient demand, these dosage forms are expected to become more popular. Modern drug delivery technology has been made possible by advances in polymer science. These advances have resulted in polymers with unique properties. Drug delivery systems are made from a variety of organic and inorganic compounds such as polymers, lipids (liposomes, nanoemulsions, and solid-lipid nanoparticles), self-assembling amphiphilic molecules, dendrimers, and inorganic nanocrystals. In addition, hydrogels are novel delivery systems that have attracted much attention in current pharmaceutical research.