Power generation with biogas from municipal solid waste: Prediction of gas generation with in situ parameters

Estimations of biogas emissions in final disposal sites have been studied by several researchers, primarily for their potential as a renewable source of energy and greenhouse gas emissions mitigation. Different models have been developed to predict the generation of biogas; the first-order model is widely used. Most of these models are based on two parameters, the methane generation rate (k) and methane generation potential (L-0). These parameters cannot be generalized for biogas estimation in any site, and must be modified according to in situ characteristics. The objectives of this research are (a) modify the constants of k and L-0 with in situ data, and (b) estimate the biogas generation in a sanitary landfill of a Mexican city using the modified constants. The following data were used in modifying the model constants biogas: (a) waste characterization studies, (b) biogas extraction tests, (c) observations of characteristics and sanitary landfill operation, (d) interviews with the managers of the sanitary landfill, and (e) several parameters of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) model. Biogas estimation using the modified constants was performed in the version 2.0 Mexico Landfill Gas Model proposed by Stearns, Conrad and Schmidt Consulting Engineers, Inc. (SCS Engineers). The results show that approximately 70% of the waste generated is organic, which influences the value of the parameters used in calculating the k and L-0. With in situ characteristics, values of k = 0.0482 yr(-1) and L-0 = 94,457 m(3)/t were obtained. It is projected that the electric power generation could reach a maximum capacity of 2.4 MW in 2019. This energy could increase the installed capacity in the Ensenada by approximately 4.36% and supply approximately 66% of the electric energy required for lighting, which amounts to savings of US$2.62 million and an environmental benefit of approximately 1.17 Mt CO(2)e from 2009 to 2025. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.