期刊
QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY
卷 88, 期 3, 页码 185-218出版社
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
DOI: 10.1086/671484
关键词
life history; polyphenism; somatic maintenance; survival; evolution of aging; disposable soma
类别
资金
- Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) [P21498-B11]
- Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PP00P3_133641]
- Research Council of Norway [180504, 185306, 191699, 213976/F20]
- PEW Charitable Trust
- National Institute on Aging [PO1AG22500]
- EU [FP6 036894]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PP00P3_133641] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/C008200/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P21498] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
Here we discuss life-history evolution from the perspective of adaptive phenotypic plasticity, with a focus on polyphenisms for somatic maintenance and survival. Polyphenisms are adaptive discrete alternative phenotypes that develop in response to changes in the environment. We suggest that dauer larval diapause and its associated adult phenotypes in the nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans), reproductive dormancy in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and other insects, and the worker castes of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) are examples of what may be viewed as the polyphenic regulation of somatic maintenance and survival. In these and other cases, the same genotype candepending upon its environmentexpress either of two alternative sets of life-history phenotypes that differ markedly with respect to somatic maintenance, survival ability, and thus life span. This plastic modulation of somatic maintenance and survival has traditionally been underappreciated by researchers working on aging and life history. We review the current evidence for such adaptive life-history switches and their molecular regulation and suggest that they are caused by temporally and/or spatially varying, stressful environments that impose diversifying selection, thereby favoring the evolution of plasticity of somatic maintenance and survival under strong regulatory control. By considering somatic maintenance and survivorship from the perspective of adaptive life-history switches, we may gain novel insights into the mechanisms and evolution of aging.
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