Graphene-based catalysis for biomass conversion

Graphene and its derivatives (graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide) have attracted a great deal of attention and have been widely applied in the field of catalysis science owing to their exceptional physical properties and chemical tunability. This review focuses on the advances of graphene-based materials in catalytic transformation of biomass and platform molecules to value-added chemicals and biofuels, with emphasis on the development of these materials directly as catalysts and promising supports to anchor Bronsted acid sites in addition to metal nanoparticles. The state-of-the-art and future challenges of graphene-based catalysts in biomass utilization are also discussed.