期刊
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
卷 32, 期 -, 页码 48-63出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2012.09.002
关键词
Visual cycle; Retinoid; Photoreceptors; Opsin; Visual pigment; Retinal
资金
- National Institutes of Health [R01 EY04939, R01 EY014850, R01 EY019515, R01 EY019065, R21 EY020661]
- Medical University of South Carolina [C06 RR015455]
- Lions Clubs of South Carolina
- Foundation Fighting Blindness
- (Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina) from Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB)
- RPB Senior Scientific Investigator Award
- RPB Medical Student Research Fellowship
The retinoid cycle is a series of biochemical reactions within the eye that is responsible for synthesizing the chromophore, 11-cis retinal, for visual function. The chromophore is bound to G-protein coupled receptors, opsins, within rod and cone photoreceptor cells forming the photosensitive visual pigments. Integral to the sustained function of photoreceptors is the continuous generation of chromophore by the retinoid cycle through two separate processes, one that supplies both rods and cones and another that exclusively supplies cones. Recent findings such as RPE65 localization within cones and the pattern of distribution of retinoid metabolites within mouse and human retinas have challenged previous proposed schemes. This review will focus on recent findings regarding the transport of retinoids, the mechanisms by which chromophore is supplied to both rods and cones, and the metabolism of retinoids within the posterior segment of the eye. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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