期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 6, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6881
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation of China [21006068, 21222604, U1463205]
- Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20120032110024]
- Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars (MoE)
- Ministry of Education of China [IRT-13R30, IRT-13022]
- Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities [B06006, B12015]
Titanium dioxide is a promising photocatalyst for water splitting, but it suffers from low visible light activity due to its wide band gap. Doping can narrow the band gap of titanium dioxide; however, new charge-carrier recombination centres may be introduced. Here we report the design of sub-10 nm rutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles, with an increased amount of surface/sub-surface defects to overcome the negative effects from bulk defects. Abundant defects can not only shift the top of the valence band of rutile titanium dioxide upwards for band-gap narrowing but also promote charge-carrier separation. The role of titanium(III) is to enhance, rather than initiate, the visible-light-driven water splitting. The sub-10nm rutile nanoparticles exhibit the state-of-the-art activity among titanium dioxide-based semiconductors for visible-light-driven water splitting and the concept of ultra-small nanoparticles with abundant defects may be extended to the design of other robust semiconductor photocatalysts.
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