期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 285, 期 1887, 页码 -出版社
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1780
关键词
pedicle; orthothecide hyoliths; phylogeny; stem brachiopod; Chengjiang Lagerstatte; Cambrian
资金
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB18000000]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41602002, 41472012]
- NSFC-RCUK_NERC [41661134048]
Hyoliths are a taxonomically problematic group of Palaeozoic lophotrochozo-ans that are among the first shelly fossils to appear in the Cambrian period. On the basis of their distinctive exoskeleton, hyoliths have historically been classified as a separate phylum with possible affinities to the molluscs, sipunculans or lophophorates-but their precise phylogenetic position remains uncertain. Here, we describe a new orthothecide hyolith from the Chengjiang Lagerstatte (Cambrian Series 2 Stage 3), Pedunculotheca diania Sun, Zhao et Zhu gen. et sp. nov., which exhibits a non-mineralized attachment structure that strikingly resembles the brachiopod pedicle-the first report of a peduncular organ in hyoliths. This organ establishes a sessile, suspension feeding ecology for these orthothecides and-together with other characteristics (e.g. bilaterally symmetrical bivalve shell enclosing a filtration chamber and the differentiation of cardinal areas)-identifies hyoliths as stem-group brachiopods. Our phylogenetic analysis indicates that both hyoliths and crown brachiopods derived from a tommotiid grade, and that the pedicle has a single origin within the brachiopod total group.
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