期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 280, 期 1763, 页码 -出版社
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.0858
关键词
natural selection; rationality; optimal decision-making; transitivity; regularity; independence of irrelevant alternatives
资金
- European Research Council [250209]
Understanding decisions is a fundamental aim of behavioural ecology, psychology and economics. The regularity axiom of utility theory holds that a preference between options should be maintained when other options are made available. Empirical studies have shown that animals violate regularity but this has not been understood from a theoretical perspective, such decisions have therefore been labelled as irrational. Here, I use models of state-dependent behaviour to demonstrate that choices can violate regularity even when behavioural strategies are optimal. I also show that the range of conditions over which regularity should be violated can be larger when options do not always persist into the future. Consequently, utility theory-based on axioms, including transitivity, regularity and the independence of irrelevant alternatives-is undermined, because even alternatives that are never chosen by an animal (in its current state) can be relevant to a decision.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据