期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 278, 期 1718, 页码 2646-2653出版社
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2010.2725
关键词
herbivore-induced plant volatiles; Hymenoptera; Lepidoptera; parasitoid host location; tritrophic; volatile organic compounds
资金
- BBSRC [BB/D01154x/1]
- BBSRC [BB/D01154X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/D01154X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Natural Environment Research Council [CEH010021] Funding Source: researchfish
Plants produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in response to herbivore attack, and these VOCs can be used by parasitoids of the herbivore as host location cues. We investigated the behavioural responses of the parasitoid Cotesia vestalis to VOCs from a plant-herbivore complex consisting of cabbage plants (Brassica oleracea) and the parasitoids host caterpillar, Plutella xylostella. A Y-tube olfactometer was used to compare the parasitoids' responses to VOCs produced as a result of different levels of attack by the caterpillar and equivalent levels of mechanical damage. Headspace VOC production by these plant treatments was examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cotesia vestalis were able to exploit quantitative and qualitative differences in volatile emissions, from the plant-herbivore complex, produced as a result of different numbers of herbivores feeding. Cotesia vestalis showed a preference for plants with more herbivores and herbivore damage, but did not distinguish between different levels of mechanical damage. Volatile profiles of plants with different levels of herbivores/herbivore damage could also be separated by canonical discriminant analyses. Analyses revealed a number of compounds whose emission increased significantly with herbivore load, and these VOCs may be particularly good indicators of herbivore number, as the parasitoid processes cues from its external environment.
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