期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 112, 期 3, 页码 669-672出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1419185112
关键词
emergence; percolation; traffic
资金
- National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB725404]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61104144]
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N62909-14-1-N019]
- United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation
- LINC [289447]
- Multiplex European projects [317532]
- German Research Foundation
- Israel Science Foundation
- ONR [N00014-14-1-0738]
- DTRA [HDTRA1-14-1-0017]
- National Science Foundation [CMMI 1125290]
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn
- Directorate For Engineering [1125290] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
A critical phenomenon is an intrinsic feature of traffic dynamics, during which transition between isolated local flows and global flows occurs. However, very little attention has been given to the question of how the local flows in the roads are organized collectively into a global city flow. Here we characterize this organization process of traffic as traffic percolation, where the giant cluster of local flows disintegrates when the second largest cluster reaches its maximum. We find in real-time data of city road traffic that global traffic is dynamically composed of clusters of local flows, which are connected by bottleneck links. This organization evolves during a day with different bottleneck links appearing in different hours, but similar in the same hours in different days. A small improvement of critical bottleneck roads is found to benefit significantly the global traffic, providing a method to improve city traffic with low cost. Our results may provide insights on the relation between traffic dynamics and percolation, which can be useful for efficient transportation, epidemic control, and emergency evacuation.
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