期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 110, 期 45, 页码 18092-18097出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1307965110
关键词
asteroids; atmospheric entry; remote sensing; multiangle; trajectory estimation
资金
- Naval Research Laboratory [N00173-10-C2003]
- Oceanographer of the Navy through office at the Program Executive Office C4I & Space/Program Manager
- Warfare-120 [PE-0603207N]
Large meteors (or superbolides [Ceplecha Z, et al. (1999) Meteoroids 1998: 37-54]), although rare in recorded history, give sobering testimony to civilization's inherent vulnerability. A not-so-subtle reminder came on the morning of February 15, 2013, when a large meteoroid hurtled into the Earth's atmosphere, forming a superbolide near the city of Chelyabinsnk, Russia, similar to 1,500 km east of Moscow, Russia [Ivanova MA, et al. (2013) Abstracts of the 76th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society, 5366]. The object exploded in the stratosphere, and the ensuing shock wave blasted the city of Chelyabinsk, damaging structures and injuring hundreds. Details of trajectory are important for determining its specific source, the likelihood of future events, and potential mitigation measures. Earth-viewing environmental satellites can assist in these assessments. Here we examine satellite observations of the Chelyabinsk superbolide debris trail, collected within minutes of its entry. Estimates of trajectory are derived from differential views of the significantly parallax-displaced [e.g., Hasler AF (1981) Bull Am Meteor Soc 52: 194-212] debris trail. The 282.7 +/- 2.3 degrees azimuth of trajectory, 18.5 +/- 3.8 degrees slope to the horizontal, and 17.7 +/- 0.5 km/s velocity derived from these satellites agree well with parameters inferred from the wealth of surface-based photographs and amateur videos. More importantly, the results demonstrate the general ability of Earth-viewing satellites to provide valuable insight on trajectory reconstruction in the more likely scenario of sparse or nonexistent surface observations.
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