期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 109, 期 18, 页码 7004-7007出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1201573109
关键词
echinoderms; escalation; macroecology
资金
- State Committee for Scientific Research (Komitet Badan Naukowych, KBN) [N307 138835]
- National Geographic Society [NGS 8505-08]
- Division of Environmental Biology of the National Science Foundation [DEB 1036393]
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1036393] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Sea urchins are a major component of recent marine communities where they exert a key role as grazers and benthic predators. However, their impact on past marine organisms, such as crinoids, is hard to infer in the fossil record. Analysis of bite mark frequencies on crinoid columnals and comprehensive genus-level diversity data provide unique insights into the importance of sea urchin predation through geologic time. These data show that over the Mesozoic, predation intensity on crinoids, as measured by bite mark frequencies on columnals, changed in step with diversity of sea urchins. Moreover, Mesozoic diversity changes in the predatory sea urchins show a positive correlation with diversity of motile crinoids and a negative correlation with diversity of sessile crinoids, consistent with a crinoid motility representing an effective escape strategy. We contend that the Mesozoic diversity history of crinoids likely represents a macroevolutionary response to changes in sea urchin predation pressure and that it may have set the stage for the recent pattern of crinoid diversity in which motile forms greatly predominate and sessile forms are restricted to deep-water refugia.
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