期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 109, 期 34, 页码 13526-13531出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1208951109
关键词
cognitive development; generic language; social cognition; social categorization; conceptual development
资金
- New York University Institute for Human Development and Social Change
- National Science Foundation [BCS-1147543]
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci [1147543] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Social essentialism entails the belief that certain social categories (e.g., gender, race) mark fundamentally distinct kinds of people. Essentialist beliefs have pernicious consequences, supporting social stereotyping and contributing to prejudice. How does social essentialism develop? In the studies reported here, we tested the hypothesis that generic language facilitates the cultural transmission of social essentialism. Two studies found that hearing generic language about a novel social category diverse for race, ethnicity, age, and sex led 4-y-olds and adults to develop essentialist beliefs about that social category. A third study documented that experimentally inducing parents to hold essentialist beliefs about a novel social category led them to produce more generic language when discussing the category with their children. Thus, generic language facilitates the transmission of essentialist beliefs about social categories from parents to children.
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