期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 108, 期 48, 页码 19288-19292出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1110474108
关键词
coevolution; immune defense; symbiont; Trypanosomatidae; Bombus terrestris
资金
- Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-116057]
Populations of important pollinators, such as bumble bees and honey bees, are declining at alarming rates worldwide. Parasites are likely contributing to this phenomenon. A distinct resident community of bacteria has recently been identified in bumble bees and honey bees that is not shared with related solitary bee species. We now show that the presence of these microbiota protects bee hosts against a widespread and highly virulent natural parasite (Crithidia bombi) in an experimental setting. We add further support to this antagonistic relationship from patterns found in field data. For the successful establishment of these microbiota and a protective effect, exposure to feces from nest mates was needed after pupal eclosion. Transmission of beneficial gut bacteria could therefore represent an important benefit of sociality. Our results stress the importance of considering the host microbiota as an extended immune phenotype in addition to the host immune system itself and provide a unique perspective to understanding bees in health and disease.
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