期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 108, 期 21, 页码 8595-8600出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1100620108
关键词
chemistry; Mexico; tandem mass spectrometry; residue analysis; chocolate
资金
- Instituto de Investigaciones Antropologicas
- Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
- American Philosophical Society
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia
- National Endowment for the Humanities
- National Geographic Society
- Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc.
- Grivetti Family Trust
- Center for Health and Nutrition Research, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis
- Office of the Dean, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia
Mesoamerican peoples had a long history of cacao use-spanning more than 34 centuries-as confirmed by previous identification of cacao residues on archaeological pottery from Paso de la Amada on the Pacific Coast and the Olmec site of El Manati on the Gulf Coast. Until now, comparable evidence from San Lorenzo, the premier Olmec capital, was lacking. The present study of theobromine residues confirms the continuous presence and use of cacao products at San Lorenzo between 1800 and 1000 BCE, and documents assorted vessels forms used in its preparation and consumption. One elite context reveals cacao use as part of a mortuary ritual for sacrificial victims, an event that occurred during the height of San Lorenzo's power.
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