期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 108, 期 14, 页码 5522-5525出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1014100108
关键词
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资金
- US-Israel Binational Science Foundation, Jerusalem
- Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76CH0016]
Hydrophobicity, the spontaneous segregation of oil and water, can be modified by surfactants. The way this modification occurs is studied at the oil-water interface for a range of alkanes and two ionic surfactants. A liquid interfacial monolayer, consisting of a mixture of alkane molecules and surfactant tails, is found. Upon cooling, it freezes at T-s, well above the alkane's bulk freezing temperature, T-b. The monolayer's phase diagram, derived by surface tensiometry, is accounted for by a mixtures-based theory. The monolayer's structure is measured by high-energy X-ray reflectivity above and below T-s. A solid-solid transition in the frozen monolayer, occurring approximately 3 degrees C below T-s, is discovered and tentatively suggested to be a rotator-to-crystal transition.
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