期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 107, 期 35, 页码 15512-15516出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1005780107
关键词
Meiolaniidae; taxonomy; extinction; Lapita people; middens
资金
- Pacific Biological Foundation
- Department of Archaeology
- Natural History and School of Archaeology and Anthropology of ANU
- Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation Foundation
- National Geographic Scientific Research Grant [8038-06]
- Australian Research Council [DP0556874]
- Australian Research Council [DP0556874] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
Meiolaniid or horned turtles are members of the extinct Pleistocene megafauna of Australia and the southwest Pacific. The timing and causes of their extinction have remained elusive. Here we report the remains of meiolaniid turtles from cemetery and midden layers dating 3,100/3,000 calibrated years before present to approximately 2,900/2,800 calibrated years before present in the Teouma Lapita archaeological site on Efate in Vanuatu. The remains are mainly leg bones; shell fragments are scant and there are no cranial or caudal elements, attesting to off-site butchering of the turtles. The new taxon differs markedly from other named insular terrestrial horned turtles. It is the only member of the family demonstrated to have survived into the Holocene and the first known to have become extinct after encountering humans.
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