期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 106, 期 18, 页码 7660-7665出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0812219106
关键词
PIF1; PIF3; PIF4; PIF5; chlorophyll
资金
- Korea Science Engineering Foundation [R0A-2007-000-20024-0, PF06302-03, NRL-2006-01508]
- Korean Systems Biology Program [M10309020000-03B5002-00000]
- Plant Metabolism Research Center
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2005-2000343, 2007-0056949, 핵06A3602, 04-2006-11-003-00, R0A-2007-000-20024-0] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
PIF3 is a phytochrome-interacting basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that negatively regulates light responses, including hypocotyl elongation, cotyledon opening, and hypocotyl negative gravitropism. However, the role of PIF3 in chlorophyll biosynthesis has not been clearly defined. Here, we show that PIF3 also negatively regulates chlorophyll biosynthesis by repressing biosynthetic genes in the dark. Consistent with the gene expression patterns, the etiolated pif3 mutant accumulated a higher amount of protochlorophyllide and was bleached severely when transferred into light. The photobleaching phenotype of pif3 could be suppressed by the gun5 mutation and mimicked by overexpression of GUN5. When 4 negative phytochrome-interacting protein genes (PIF1, PIF3, PIF4, and PIF5) were mutated, the resulting quadruple mutant seedlings displayed constitutive photomorphogenic phenotypes, including short hypocotyls, open cotyledons, and disrupted hypocotyl gravitropism in the dark. Microarray analysis further confirmed that the dark-grown quadruple mutant has a gene expression pattern similar to that of red light-grown WT. Together, our data indicate that 4 phytochrome-interacting proteins are required for skotomorphogenesis and phytochromes activate photomorphogenesis by inhibiting these factors.
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