Applications of quantitative laser sensors to kinetics, propulsion and practical energy systems

Laser diagnostic techniques play a large and growing role in combustion research and development. Here we highlight three areas where quantitative sensing based on laser absorption has had strong influence: chemical kinetics, propulsion, and practical energy systems. In the area of chemical kinetics, measurements in shock tubes of high-temperature reaction rate coefficients using species-specific laser absorption techniques have provided new and accurate answers to questions about combustion chemical processes. In the area of propulsion, wide-bandwidth measurements of flow temperatures, species concentrations, and velocity have provided engine designers with the necessary information to improve operation and performance. In the area of practical energy systems, real-time measurements of combustor operating conditions and emissions have enabled needed incremental improvements in large power plants and improved safety of operation. Yet, there is still more to be done, and opportunities for new applications will grow as laser sensors evolve. This review seeks to provide an overview of the current power and future potential of these modern diagnostic tools. (C) 2010 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.