期刊
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
卷 57, 期 3, 页码 189-193出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.05.012
关键词
Child; Preschool; Obesity; Adiposity; Residence Characteristics; Environment; Safety; Urban Population; Poverty
资金
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Health and Society Scholars program
- National Institute for Environmental Health Science [5R01ES014229]
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [R01DK079885]
- National Institute for Child Health and Human Development [K01HD067390]
Background. Neighborhood safety, green space, walkability, and sociodemographics may influence physical activity and childhood obesity. Methods. Data on measured height and weight, demographic characteristics, and home ZIP code were collected from year 2004 enrollees in a means-tested preschool program in New York City. Each ZIP code was surrounded by a 400-m buffer and characterized using data from the US census, local government departments, New York Times website, and Transportation Alternatives. Linear and Poisson models were constructed using cluster robust standard errors and adjusting for child's sex, race, ethnicity, age, and neighborhood characteristics. Results. Analyses included 11,562 children ages 3-5 years living in 160 residential ZIP codes. A higher homicide rate (at the 75th vs 25th percentile) was associated with a 22% higher prevalence of obesity (95% Cl for the prevalence ratio (PR): 1.05 to 1.41). A higher density of street trees (at the 75th vs 25th percentile) was associated with 12% lower prevalence of obesity (95% CI for the PR: 0.79 to 0.99). Other neighborhood characteristics did not have significant associations with childhood obesity. Conclusions. Among preschool children from low-income families, neighborhood homicide rate was associated with more obesity and street tree density was associated with less obesity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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