期刊
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
卷 29, 期 4, 页码 402-411出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/pd.2250
关键词
prenatal screening; 3D ultrasound; 4D ultrasound; Neural tube defects; spina bifida; meningocele; myelomeningocele; anencephaly; encephalocele
This review article discusses prenatal screening and diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTD). High detection rates occur in countries operating ultrasound screening programmes because classical two-dimensional ultrasound cranial signs (lemon shaped head, banana cerebellum, ventriculomegaly) are important diagnostic clues to the presence of Spina bifida. Careful evaluation of both the spine and a search for other abnormalities is warranted. Important prognostic information for Spina bifida relates to the lesion level, with a watershed between L3 and L4 marking a very high chance of being wheelchair bound with the higher lesions. Three-dimensional ultrasound using multiplanar views can achieve diagnostic accuracy within one vertebral body in around 80% of patients. There are high rates of pregnancy termination for Spina bifida in many European countries, but the use of new imagining techniques allow better prediction of outcome, and consequently a refinement of prenatal counselling. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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