期刊
CONSERVATION LETTERS
卷 8, 期 5, 页码 329-337出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/conl.12158
关键词
Aichi Targets; Alliance for Zero Extinction; Convention on Biological Diversity; Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas; IUCN Red List; Key Biodiversity Areas; protected areas
资金
- Cambridge Conservation Initiative Collaborative Fund
- Arcadia
Governments have committed to conserving 17% of terrestrial and 10% of marine environments globally, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity through ecologically representative Protected Area (PA) systems or other area-based conservation measures, while individual countries have committed to conserve 3-50% of their land area. We estimate that PAs currently cover 14.6% of terrestrial and 2.8% of marine extent, but 59-68% of ecoregions, 77-78% of important sites for biodiversity, and 57% of 25,380 species have inadequate coverage. The existing 19.7 million km(2) terrestrial PA network needs only 3.3 million km(2) to be added to achieve 17% terrestrial coverage. However, it would require nearly doubling to achieve, cost-efficiently, coverage targets for all countries, ecoregions, important sites, and species. Poorer countries have the largest relative shortfalls. Such extensive and rapid expansion of formal PAs is unlikely to be achievable. Greater focus is therefore needed on alternative approaches, including community- and privately managed sites and other effective area-based conservation measures.
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