期刊
POLYMER
卷 52, 期 2, 页码 519-528出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.11.044
关键词
Electrospinning; Carbon nanofibers; Polyacrylonitrile
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51073011, 50673011]
- National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2006AA06Z382]
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2006CB605304]
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States [NNX07AT52A]
- Department of Energy in the United States [DE-FG02-08ER64624]
- National Science Foundation of the United States [CBET-0827844]
Electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer nanofibers with diameters of similar to 0.3 mu m were prepared as highly aligned bundles. The as-electrospun nanofiber bundles were then stretched in steam at similar to 100 degrees C into 2, 3, and 4 times of the original lengths. Subsequently, characterizations and evaluations were carried out to understand morphological, structural, and mechanical properties using SEM, 2D WAXD, polarized FT-IR, DSC, and mechanical tester; and the results were compared to those of conventional PAN copolymer microfibers. The study revealed that: (1) the macromolecules in as-electrospun nanofibers were loosely oriented along fiber axes; although such an orientation was not high, a small extent of stretching could effectively improve the orientation and increase the crystallinity; (2) most of macromolecules in the crystalline phase of as-electrospun and stretched nanofibers possessed the zig-zag conformation instead of the helical conformation; and (3) the post-spinning stretching process could substantially improve mechanical properties of the nanofiber bundles. To the best of our knowledge, this study represented the first successful attempt to stretch electrospun nanofibers; and we envisioned that the highly aligned and stretched electrospun PAN copolymer nanofibers could be an innovative type of precursor for the development of continuous nano-scale carbon fibers with superior mechanical strength. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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