期刊
PLOS ONE
卷 9, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102386
关键词
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资金
- Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS)
- Edinburgh Napier University Research Excellence Award
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
- Zoetis [BB/J015083/1]
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/J015083/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- BBSRC [BB/J015083/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Background: Waddlia chondrophila (W. chondrophila) is an emerging abortifacient organism which has been identified in the placentae of humans and cattle. The organism is a member of the order Chlamydiales, and shares many similarities at the genome level and in growth studies with other well-characterised zoonotic chlamydial abortifacients, such as Chlamydia abortus (C. abortus). This study investigates the growth of the organism and its effects upon pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in a ruminant placental cell line which we have previously utilised in a model of C. abortus pathogenicity. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using qPCR, fluorescent immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy, we characterised the infection and growth of W. chondrophila within the ovine trophoblast AH-1 cell line. Inclusions were visible from 6 h post-infection (p.i.) and exponential growth of the organism could be observed over a 60 h time-course, with significant levels of host cell lysis being observed only after 36 h p.i. Expression of CXCL8, TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta were determined 24 h p.i. A statistically significant response in the expression of CXCL8, TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta could be observed following active infection with W. chondrophila. However a significant increase in IL-1 beta expression was also observed following the exposure of cells to UV-killed organisms, indicating the stimulation of multiple innate recognition pathways. Conclusions/Significance: W. chondrophila infects and grows in the ruminant trophoblast AH-1 cell line exhibiting a complete chlamydial replicative cycle. Infection of the trophoblasts resulted in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner similar to that observed with C. abortus in previous studies, suggesting similarities in the pathogenesis of infection between the two organisms.
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