期刊
PLOS ONE
卷 9, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094495
关键词
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资金
- European Commission [QLK2-CT-2001-01344, LSHP-CT-2006-518211, 233847, 223131]
- Belgian AIDS Reference Laboratory Fund, Belgian Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek [G. 0611.09]
- Interuniversitaire Attractiepolen (Belgium) [P6/41]
- Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation [Health/0104/22]
- Danish AIDS Foundation
- Ministry of Health (Germany) [1502-686-18]
- Ministry of Education and Research (Germany) [01KI501]
- Fifth National Program on HIV/AIDS, Istituto Superiore di Sanita (Italy) [N 40F.56, 20D.1.6]
- Fondation Recherche sur le SiDA
- Ministry of Health (Luxembourg)
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency
- CHAIN, Collaborative HIV and Anti-HIV Drug Resistance Network [223131]
- European Commission
- Ministry of Education and Science (Republic of Serbia) [175024]
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [SFRH/BPD/65605/2009]
- Slovak Ministry of Health [2005/37-SZU-15]
Background: In Europe, a continuous programme (SPREAD) has been in place for ten years to study transmission of drug resistant HIV. We analysed time trends of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRM) in relation to the risk behaviour reported. Methods: HIV-1 patients newly diagnosed in 27 countries from 2002 through 2007 were included. Inclusion was representative for risk group and geographical distribution in the participating countries in Europe. Trends over time were calculated by logistic regression. Results: From the 4317 patients included, the majority was men-having-sex-with-men -MSM (2084, 48%), followed by heterosexuals (1501, 35%) and injection drug users (IDU) (355, 8%). MSM were more often from Western Europe origin, infected with subtype B virus, and recently infected (<1 year) (p<0.001). The prevalence of TDRM was highest in MSM (prevalence of 11.1%), followed by heterosexuals (6.6%) and IDU (5.1%, p<0.001). TDRM was predominantly ascribed to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) with a prevalence of 6.6% in MSM, 3.3% in heterosexuals and 2.0% in IDU (p = 0.001). A significant increase in resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and a decrease in resistance to protease inhibitors was observed in MSM (p = 0.008 and p = 0.006, respectively), but not in heterosexual patients (p = 0.68 and p = 0.14, respectively). Conclusions: MSM showed to have significantly higher TDRM prevalence compared to heterosexuals and IDU. The increasing NNRTI resistance in MSM is likely to negatively influence the therapy response of first-line therapy, as most include NNRTI drugs.
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