期刊
PLOS ONE
卷 8, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059469
关键词
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资金
- African Wildlife Foundation
- Beneficia Foundation
- Busch Gardens
- Columbus Zoo
- Conservation International
- Daniel K. Thorne Foundation
- Diane Fossey Gorilla Foundation International
- Especes Phares (European Union), Ecosystemes Forestiers d'Afrique Centrale (ECOFAC)
- Fauna and Flora International
- Frankfurt Zoological Society
- IUCN Netherlands
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- KFW
- Operation Loango
- Prince Bernhard Wildlife Fund
- RAPAC
- The Arcus Foundation
- The Aspinall Foundation
- The Born Free Foundation
- The Institute for Biodiversity
- Ecosystem Dynamics at The University of Amsterdam
- The Jane Goodall Institute
- The Liz Claiborne
- Art Ortenberg Foundation
- Lucie Burgers Foundation
- The Wasmoeth Wildlife Foundation
- Total Gabon
- United States Agency for International Development (USAID CARPE)
- USFWS Great Ape Conservation Fund
- USFWS African Elephant Conservation Fund
- Wildlife Conservation Society
- World Wildlife Fund and the Zoological Society of London
African forest elephants-taxonomically and functionally unique-are being poached at accelerating rates, but we lack range-wide information on the repercussions. Analysis of the largest survey dataset ever assembled for forest elephants (80 foot-surveys; covering 13,000 km; 91,600 person-days of fieldwork) revealed that population size declined by ca. 62% between 2002-2011, and the taxon lost 30% of its geographical range. The population is now less than 10% of its potential size, occupying less than 25% of its potential range. High human population density, hunting intensity, absence of law enforcement, poor governance, and proximity to expanding infrastructure are the strongest predictors of decline. To save the remaining African forest elephants, illegal poaching for ivory and encroachment into core elephant habitat must be stopped. In addition, the international demand for ivory, which fuels illegal trade, must be dramatically reduced.
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