期刊
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
卷 37, 期 2, 页码 414-424出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/pce.12164
关键词
acetyl fragment; dynamic pulse chase; methyl acetate; pyruvate positional labelling; secondary metabolism; stable carbon isotopes; volatile organic compound
资金
- Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Philecology Foundation of Fort Worth, Texas
- National Science Foundation [CHE 0216226]
- Germany Science Foundation (DFG) [WE 2681/5-1]
Acetylation of plant metabolites fundamentally changes their volatility, solubility and activity as semiochemicals. Here we present a new technique termed dynamic C-13-pulse chasing to track the fate of C1-3 carbon atoms of pyruvate into the biosynthesis and emission of methyl acetate (MA) and CO2. C-13-labelling of MA and CO2 branch emissions respond within minutes to changes in C-13-positionally labelled pyruvate solutions fed through the transpiration stream. Strong C-13-labelling of MA emissions occurred only under pyruvate-2-C-13 and pyruvate-2,3-C-13 feeding, but not pyruvate-1-C-13 feeding. In contrast, strong (CO2)-C-13 emissions were only observed under pyruvate-1-C-13 feeding. These results demonstrate that MA (and other volatile and non-volatile metabolites) derive from the C-2,C-3 atoms of pyruvate while the C-1 atom undergoes decarboxylation. The latter is a non-mitochondrial source of CO2 in the light generally not considered in studies of CO2 sources and sinks. Within a tropical rainforest mesocosm, we also observed atmospheric concentrations of MA up to 0.6 ppbv that tracked light and temperature conditions. Moreover, signals partially attributed to MA were observed in ambient air within and above a tropical rainforest in the Amazon. Our study highlights the potential importance of acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis as a source of acetate esters and CO2 to the atmosphere.
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