期刊
PLANT CELL
卷 25, 期 4, 页码 1314-1328出版社
AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.113.110593
关键词
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资金
- Swedish Research Council Formas (Research Program on Wood Material Science)
- Swedish Research Council Formas (FuncFiber Center of Excellence in Wood Science)
- Swedish Research Council Formas (Strong Research Environment BioImprove)
- Swedish research council Vetenskapsradet
- Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems Vinnova (Umea Plant Science Centre Berzelii Centre)
- Bio4Energy
- Carl Trygger Foundation
- Kempe Foundation
- Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation Tekes
- TC4F
Postmortem lignification of xylem tracheary elements (TEs) has been debated for decades. Here, we provide evidence in Zinnia elegans TE cell cultures, using pharmacological inhibitors and in intact Z. elegans plants using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, that TE lignification occurs postmortem (i.e., after TE programmed cell death). In situ RT-PCR verified expression of the lignin monomer biosynthetic cinnamoyl CoA reductase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase in not only the lignifying TEs but also in the unlignified non-TE cells of Z. elegans TE cell cultures and in living, parenchymatic xylem cells that surround TEs in stems. These cells were also shown to have the capacity to synthesize and transport lignin monomers and reactive oxygen species to the cell walls of dead TEs. Differential gene expression analysis in Z. elegans TE cell cultures and concomitant functional analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in identification of several genes that were expressed in the non-TE cells and that affected lignin chemistry on the basis of pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. These data suggest that living, parenchymatic xylem cells contribute to TE lignification in a non-cellautonomous manner, thus enabling the postmortem lignification of TEs.
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