期刊
PIGMENT CELL & MELANOMA RESEARCH
卷 32, 期 2, 页码 237-247出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12736
关键词
drug resistance; hypoxia; immunology; mechanotransduction; melanoma; oxidative stress
资金
- Melanoma Research Alliance
- National Cancer Institute [R01CA174746, R01CA207935]
This review will focus on the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the development of drug resistance in melanoma. Resistance to mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors (MAPKi) in melanoma is observed months after treatment, a phenomenon that is often attributed to the incredible plasticity of melanoma cells but may also depend on the TME. The TME is unique in its cellular composition-it contains fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelial cells, adipocytes, and among others. In addition, the TME provides non-homeostatic levels of oxygen, nutrients (hypoxia and metabolic stress), and extracellular matrix proteins, creating a pro-tumorigenic niche that drives resistance to MAPKi treatment. In this review, we will focus on how changes in the tumor microenvironment regulate MAPKi resistance.
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