Anthocyanins with unusual furanose sugar (apiose) from leaves of Synadenium grantii (Euphorbiaceae)

Four anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-O-(2 ''-(5'''-(E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-apiofuranosyl)-beta-xylopyranoside)-5-O-beta-glucopyranoside, cyanidin 3-O-(2 ''-(5'''-(E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-apiofuranosyl)-beta-xylopyranoside), cyanidin 3-O-(2 ''-(5'''-(E-caffeoyl)-beta-apiofuranosyl)-beta-xylopyranoside) and cyanidin 3-O-(2 ''-(5'''-(E-feroyl)-(beta-apiofuranosyl)-beta-xylopyranoside) were isolated from leaves of African milk bush, (Synadenium grantii Hook, Euphorbiaceae) together with the known cyanidin 3-O-beta-xylopyranoside-5-O-beta-glucopyranoside and cyanidin 3-O-beta-xyloside. The four former pigments are the first reported anthocyanins containing the monosaccharide apiose, and the three 5'''-cinnamoyl derivative-2 ''-(p-apiosyl)-beta-xyloside subunits have previously not been reported for any compound. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.