期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 110, 期 21, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.215302
关键词
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资金
- National Science Council, Taiwan [100-2112-M-018-001-MY3]
- National Center for Theoretical Sciences
- Marsden Fund [MAU0910, UOO162]
- Rutherford Discovery Fellowship of the Royal Society of New Zealand [UOO004]
Atomic Bose-Einstein condensates confined to a dual-ring trap support Josephson vortices as topologically stable defects in the relative phase. We propose a test of the scaling laws for defect formation by quenching a Bose gas to degeneracy in this geometry. Stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii simulations reveal a -1/4 power-law scaling of defect number with quench time for fast quenches, consistent with the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. Slow quenches show stronger quench-time dependence that is explained by the stability properties of Josephson vortices, revealing the boundary of the Kibble-Zurek regime. Interference of the two atomic fields enables clear long-time measurement of stable defects and a direct test of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in Bose-Einstein condensation.
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